前端常用的JS(代码片段)小工具方法总结
# 1、密码验证
只能由英文、数字、下划线组成
export const isPassword = (s) => {
return /^\w+$/.test(s)
}
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只能由英文、数字组成
export const isPassword = (s) => {
return (/^[a-z0-9]+$/i).test(s)
}
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# 2、邮箱验证
//方法一
export const isEmail = (s) => {
return /^([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+@([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+((.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{2,3}){1,2})$/.test(s);
}
//方法二
export const isEmail = (s) => {
return /\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/.test(s);
}
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# 3、手机号验证
export const isMobile = (s) => {
return /^(0|86|17951)?(13[0-9]|15[012356789]|17[678]|18[0-9]|14[57])[0-9]{8}$/.test(s)
}
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# 4、简单的身份证校验
export const isCardId = (s) => {
return /^(^[1-9]\d{7}((0\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\d)|3[0-1])\d{3}$)|(^[1-9]\d{5}[1-9]\d{3}((0\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\d)|3[0-1])((\d{4})|\d{3}[Xx])$)$/.test(s)
}
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# 5、严格的身份证校验
export const isCardID = (sId) => {
if (!/(^\d{15}$)|(^\d{17}(\d|X|x)$)/.test(sId)) {
console.log('你输入的身份证长度或格式错误')
return false
}
//身份证城市
var aCity = { 11: "北京", 12: "天津", 13: "河北", 14: "山西", 15: "内蒙古", 21: "辽宁", 22: "吉林", 23: "黑龙江", 31: "上海", 32: "江苏", 33: "浙江", 34: "安徽", 35: "福建", 36: "江西", 37: "山东", 41: "河南", 42: "湖北", 43: "湖南", 44: "广东", 45: "广西", 46: "海南", 50: "重庆", 51: "四川", 52: "贵州", 53: "云南", 54: "西藏", 61: "陕西", 62: "甘肃", 63: "青海", 64: "宁夏", 65: "新疆", 71: "台湾", 81: "香港", 82: "澳门", 91: "国外" };
if (!aCity[parseInt(sId.substr(0, 2))]) {
console.log('你的身份证地区非法')
return false
}
// 出生日期验证
var sBirthday = (sId.substr(6, 4) + "-" + Number(sId.substr(10, 2)) + "-" + Number(sId.substr(12, 2))).replace(/-/g, "/"),
d = new Date(sBirthday)
if (sBirthday != (d.getFullYear() + "/" + (d.getMonth() + 1) + "/" + d.getDate())) {
console.log('身份证上的出生日期非法')
return false
}
// 身份证号码校验
var sum = 0,
weights = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2],
codes = "10X98765432"
for (var i = 0; i < sId.length - 1; i++) {
sum += sId[i] * weights[i];
}
var last = codes[sum % 11]; //计算出来的最后一位身份证号码
if (sId[sId.length - 1] != last) {
console.log('你输入的身份证号非法')
return false
}
return true
}
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# 6、去除空格
// type: 1-所有空格 2-前后空格 3-前空格 4-后空格
export const trim = (str, type) => {
type = type || 1
switch (type) {
case 1:
return str.replace(/\s+/g, "");
case 2:
return str.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g, "");
case 3:
return str.replace(/(^\s*)/g, "");
case 4:
return str.replace(/(\s*$)/g, "");
default:
return str;
}
}
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# 7、字符转换
//type: 1:首字母大写 2：首字母小写 3：大小写转换 4：全部大写 5：全部小写
export const changeCase = (str, type) => {
type = type || 4
switch (type) {
case 1:
return str.replace(/\b\w+\b/g, function (word) {
return word.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + word.substring(1).toLowerCase();
});
case 2:
return str.replace(/\b\w+\b/g, function (word) {
return word.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + word.substring(1).toUpperCase();
});
case 3:
return str.split('').map(function (word) {
if (/[a-z]/.test(word)) {
return word.toUpperCase();
} else {
return word.toLowerCase()
}
}).join('')
case 4:
return str.toUpperCase();
case 5:
return str.toLowerCase();
default:
return str;
}
}
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# 8、是否是URL地址
export const isURL = (s) => {
return /^http[s]?:\/\/.*/.test(s)
}
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# 9、随机数范围
export const random = (min, max) => {
if (arguments.length === 2) {
return Math.floor(min + Math.random() * ((max + 1) - min))
} else {
return null;
}
}
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参考资料：JS - 生成随机数的方法汇总（不同范围、类型的随机数） (opens new window)
# 10、获取当前时间
// 获取当前时间
export const dateTime = () => {
let date = new Date();
let seperator1 = "-";
let seperator2 = ":";
let month = date.getMonth() + 1;
let strDate = date.getDate();
if (month >= 1 && month <= 9) {
month = "0" + month;
};
if (strDate >= 0 && strDate <= 9) {
strDate = "0" + strDate;
};
let hours = date.getHours();
if (hours >= 0 && hours <= 9) {
hours = "0" + hours;
};
let minutes = date.getMinutes();
if (minutes >= 0 && minutes <= 9) {
minutes = "0" + minutes;
};
let seconds = date.getSeconds();
if (seconds >= 0 && seconds <= 9) {
seconds = "0" + seconds;
};
let currentdate = date.getFullYear() + seperator1 + month + seperator1 + strDate
+ " " + hours + seperator2 + minutes
+ seperator2 + seconds;
return currentdate;
}
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# 11、生成随机ID
//生成随机ID
export const getUid = () => {
function S4() {
return (((1 + Math.random()) * 0x10000) | 0).toString(16).substring(1);
};
return (S4() + S4() + S4() + S4() + S4() + S4() + S4() + S4()).slice(0, 30);
};
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# 12、将阿拉伯数字翻译成中文的大写数字
export const numberToChinese = (num) => {
var AA = new Array("零", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九", "十");
var BB = new Array("", "十", "百", "仟", "萬", "億", "点", "");
var a = ("" + num).replace(/(^0*)/g, "").split("."),
k = 0,
re = "";
for (var i = a[0].length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
switch (k) {
case 0:
re = BB[7] + re;
break;
case 4:
if (!new RegExp("0{4}//d{" + (a[0].length - i - 1) + "}$")
.test(a[0]))
re = BB[4] + re;
break;
case 8:
re = BB[5] + re;
BB[7] = BB[5];
k = 0;
break;
}
if (k % 4 == 2 && a[0].charAt(i + 2) != 0 && a[0].charAt(i + 1) == 0)
re = AA[0] + re;
if (a[0].charAt(i) != 0)
re = AA[a[0].charAt(i)] + BB[k % 4] + re;
k++;
}
if (a.length > 1) // 加上小数部分(如果有小数部分)
{
re += BB[6];
for (var i = 0; i < a[1].length; i++)
re += AA[a[1].charAt(i)];
}
if (re == '一十')
re = "十";
if (re.match(/^一/) && re.length == 3)
re = re.replace("一", "");
return re;
}
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# 13、下载一个excel文档
同时适用于word,ppt等浏览器不会默认执行预览的文档,也可以用于下载后端接口返回的流数据
//下载一个链接
function download(link, name) {
if(!name){
name=link.slice(link.lastIndexOf('/') + 1)
}
let eleLink = document.createElement('a')
eleLink.download = name
eleLink.style.display = 'none'
eleLink.href = link
document.body.appendChild(eleLink)
eleLink.click()
document.body.removeChild(eleLink)
}
//下载excel
download('http://111.229.14.189/file/1.xlsx')
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# 14、在浏览器中自定义下载一些内容
场景：我想下载一些DOM内容，我想下载一个JSON文件
/**
* 浏览器下载静态文件
* @param {String} name 文件名
* @param {String} content 文件内容
*/
function downloadFile(name, content) {
if (typeof name == 'undefined') {
throw new Error('The first parameter name is a must')
}
if (typeof content == 'undefined') {
throw new Error('The second parameter content is a must')
}
if (!(content instanceof Blob)) {
content = new Blob([content])
}
const link = URL.createObjectURL(content)
download(link, name)
}
//下载一个链接
function download(link, name) {
if (!name) {//如果没有提供名字，从给的Link中截取最后一坨
name = link.slice(link.lastIndexOf('/') + 1)
}
let eleLink = document.createElement('a')
eleLink.download = name
eleLink.style.display = 'none'
eleLink.href = link
document.body.appendChild(eleLink)
eleLink.click()
document.body.removeChild(eleLink)
}
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使用方式：
downloadFile('1.txt','lalalallalalla')
downloadFile('1.json',JSON.stringify({name:'hahahha'}))
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# 15、下载后端返回的流
数据是后端以接口的形式返回的,调用1中的download方法进行下载
download('http://111.229.14.189/gk-api/util/download?file=1.jpg')
download('http://111.229.14.189/gk-api/util/download?file=1.mp4')
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# 16、提供一个图片链接，点击下载
图片、pdf等文件，浏览器会默认执行预览，不能调用download方法进行下载，需要先把图片、pdf等文件转成blob，再调用download方法进行下载，转换的方式是使用axios请求对应的链接
//可以用来下载浏览器会默认预览的文件类型，例如mp4,jpg等
import axios from 'axios'
//提供一个link，完成文件下载，link可以是 http://xxx.com/xxx.xls
function downloadByLink(link,fileName){
axios.request({
url: link,
responseType: 'blob' //关键代码，让axios把响应改成blob
}).then(res => {
const link=URL.createObjectURL(res.data)
download(link, fileName)
})
}
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注意
注意：会有同源策略的限制，需要配置转发
# 17、防抖
在一定时间间隔内，多次调用一个方法，只会执行一次.
/**
*
* @param {*} func 要进行debouce的函数
* @param {*} wait 等待时间,默认500ms
* @param {*} immediate 是否立即执行
*/
export function debounce(func, wait=500, immediate=false) {
var timeout
return function() {
var context = this
var args = arguments
if (timeout) clearTimeout(timeout)
if (immediate) {
// 如果已经执行过，不再执行
var callNow = !timeout
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
timeout = null
}, wait)
if (callNow) func.apply(context, args)
} else {
timeout = setTimeout(function() {
func.apply(context, args)
}, wait)
}
}
}
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使用方式：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<input id="input" />
<script>
function onInput() {
console.log('1111')
}
const debounceOnInput = debounce(onInput)
document
.getElementById('input')
.addEventListener('input', debounceOnInput) //在Input中输入，多次调用只会在调用结束之后，等待500ms触发一次
</script>
</body>
</html>
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如果第三个参数immediate传true，则会立即执行一次调用，后续的调用不会在执行，可以自己在代码中试一下
# 18、节流
多次调用方法，按照一定的时间间隔执行
/**
* 节流，多次触发，间隔时间段执行
* @param {Function} func
* @param {Int} wait
* @param {Object} options
*/
export function throttle(func, wait=500, options) {
//container.onmousemove = throttle(getUserAction, 1000);
var timeout, context, args
var previous = 0
if (!options) options = {leading:false,trailing:true}
var later = function() {
previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : new Date().getTime()
timeout = null
func.apply(context, args)
if (!timeout) context = args = null
}
var throttled = function() {
var now = new Date().getTime()
if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now
var remaining = wait - (now - previous)
context = this
args = arguments
if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
if (timeout) {
clearTimeout(timeout)
timeout = null
}
previous = now
func.apply(context, args)
if (!timeout) context = args = null
} else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining)
}
}
return throttled
}
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第三个参数还有点复杂，options
- leading，函数在每个等待时延的开始被调用，默认值为false
- trailing，函数在每个等待时延的结束被调用，默认值是true
可以根据不同的值来设置不同的效果：
- leading-false，trailing-true：默认情况，即在延时结束后才会调用函数
- leading-true，trailing-true：在延时开始时就调用，延时结束后也会调用
- leading-true, trailing-false：只在延时开始时调用 例子：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<input id="input" />
<script>
function onInput() {
console.log('1111')
}
const throttleOnInput = throttle(onInput)
document
.getElementById('input')
.addEventListener('input', throttleOnInput) //在Input中输入，每隔500ms执行一次代码
</script>
</body>
</html>
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# 19、cleanObject
去除对象中value为空(null,undefined,'')的属性,举个栗子：
let res=cleanObject({
name:'',
pageSize:10,
page:1
})
console.log("res", res) //输入{page:1,pageSize:10} name为空字符串，属性删掉
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使用场景是：后端列表查询接口，某个字段前端不传，后端就不根据那个字段筛选，例如name不传的话，就只根据page和pageSize筛选，但是前端查询参数的时候（vue或者react）中，往往会这样定义
export default{
data(){
return {
query:{
name:'',
pageSize:10,
page:1
}
}
}
}
const [query,setQuery]=useState({name:'',page:1,pageSize:10})
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给后端发送数据的时候，要判断某个属性是不是空字符串，然后给后端拼参数，这块逻辑抽离出来就是cleanObject，代码实现如下
export const isFalsy = (value) => (value === 0 ? false : !value);
export const isVoid = (value) =>
value === undefined || value === null || value === "";
export const cleanObject = (object) => {
// Object.assign({}, object)
if (!object) {
return {};
}
const result = { ...object };
Object.keys(result).forEach((key) => {
const value = result[key];
if (isVoid(value)) {
delete result[key];
}
});
return result;
};
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let res=cleanObject({
name:'',
pageSize:10,
page:1
})
console.log("res", res) //输入{page:1,pageSize:10}
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# 20、获取文件后缀名
使用场景：上传文件判断后缀名
/**
* 获取文件后缀名
* @param {String} filename
*/
export function getExt(filename) {
if (typeof filename == 'string') {
return filename
.split('.')
.pop()
.toLowerCase()
} else {
throw new Error('filename must be a string type')
}
}
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使用方式
getExt("1.mp4") //->mp4
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# 21、复制内容到剪贴板
export function copyToBoard(value) {
const element = document.createElement('textarea')
document.body.appendChild(element)
element.value = value
element.select()
if (document.execCommand('copy')) {
document.execCommand('copy')
document.body.removeChild(element)
return true
}
document.body.removeChild(element)
return false
}
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使用方式:
//如果复制成功返回true
copyToBoard('lalallala')
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原理： ::: info 1、创建一个textare元素并调用select()方法选中
2、document.execCommand('copy')方法，拷贝当前选中内容到剪贴板。 :::
# 22、生成随机字符串
使用场景：用于前端生成随机的ID,毕竟现在的Vue和React都需要绑定key
/**
* 生成随机id
* @param {*} length
* @param {*} chars
*/
export function uuid(length, chars) {
chars =
chars ||
'0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
length = length || 8
var result = ''
for (var i = length; i > 0; --i)
result += chars[Math.floor(Math.random() * chars.length)]
return result
}
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使用方式
//第一个参数指定位数，第二个字符串指定字符，都是可选参数，如果都不传，默认生成8位
uuid()
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# 23、简单的深拷贝
/**
*深拷贝
* @export
* @param {*} obj
* @returns
*/
export function deepCopy(obj) {
if (typeof obj != 'object') {
return obj
}
if (obj == null) {
return obj
}
return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj))
}
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缺陷：只拷贝对象、数组以及对象数组，对于大部分场景已经足够
const person={name:'xiaoming',child:{name:'Jack'}}
deepCopy(person) //new person
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# 24、数组去重
/**
* 数组去重
* @param {*} arr
*/
export function uniqueArray(arr) {
if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
throw new Error('The first parameter must be an array')
}
if (arr.length == 1) {
return arr
}
return [...new Set(arr)]
}
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原理是利用Set中不能出现重复元素的特性
uniqueArray([1,1,1,1,1])//[1]
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# 25、对象转化为FormData对象
使用场景：上传文件时我们要新建一个FormData对象，然后有多少个参数就append多少次，使用该函数可以简化逻辑
/**
* 对象转化为formdata
* @param {Object} object
*/
export function getFormData(object) {
const formData = new FormData()
Object.keys(object).forEach(key => {
const value = object[key]
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
value.forEach((subValue, i) =>
formData.append(key + `[${i}]`, subValue)
)
} else {
formData.append(key, object[key])
}
})
return formData
}
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使用方式：
let req={
file:xxx,
userId:1,
phone:'15198763636',
//...
}
fetch(getFormData(req))
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# 26、保留到小数点以后n位
使用场景：JS的浮点数超长，有时候页面显示时需要保留2位小数
// 保留小数点以后几位，默认2位
export function cutNumber(number, no = 2) {
if (typeof number != 'number') {
number = Number(number)
}
return Number(number.toFixed(no))
}
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# 27、将数字转换为大写金额
export const changeToChinese = (Num) => {
//判断如果传递进来的不是字符的话转换为字符
if (typeof Num == "number") {
Num = new String(Num);
};
Num = Num.replace(/,/g, "") //替换tomoney()中的“,”
Num = Num.replace(/ /g, "") //替换tomoney()中的空格
Num = Num.replace(/￥/g, "") //替换掉可能出现的￥字符
if (isNaN(Num)) { //验证输入的字符是否为数字
//alert("请检查小写金额是否正确");
return "";
};
//字符处理完毕后开始转换，采用前后两部分分别转换
var part = String(Num).split(".");
var newchar = "";
//小数点前进行转化
for (var i = part[0].length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (part[0].length > 10) {
return "";
//若数量超过拾亿单位，提示
}
var tmpnewchar = ""
var perchar = part[0].charAt(i);
switch (perchar) {
case "0":
tmpnewchar = "零" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "1":
tmpnewchar = "壹" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "2":
tmpnewchar = "贰" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "3":
tmpnewchar = "叁" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "4":
tmpnewchar = "肆" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "5":
tmpnewchar = "伍" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "6":
tmpnewchar = "陆" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "7":
tmpnewchar = "柒" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "8":
tmpnewchar = "捌" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "9":
tmpnewchar = "玖" + tmpnewchar;
break;
}
switch (part[0].length - i - 1) {
case 0:
tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "元";
break;
case 1:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "拾";
break;
case 2:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "佰";
break;
case 3:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "仟";
break;
case 4:
tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "万";
break;
case 5:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "拾";
break;
case 6:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "佰";
break;
case 7:
if (perchar != 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "仟";
break;
case 8:
tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "亿";
break;
case 9:
tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "拾";
break;
}
var newchar = tmpnewchar + newchar;
}
//小数点之后进行转化
if (Num.indexOf(".") != -1) {
if (part[1].length > 2) {
// alert("小数点之后只能保留两位,系统将自动截断");
part[1] = part[1].substr(0, 2)
}
for (i = 0; i < part[1].length; i++) {
tmpnewchar = ""
perchar = part[1].charAt(i)
switch (perchar) {
case "0":
tmpnewchar = "零" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "1":
tmpnewchar = "壹" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "2":
tmpnewchar = "贰" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "3":
tmpnewchar = "叁" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "4":
tmpnewchar = "肆" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "5":
tmpnewchar = "伍" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "6":
tmpnewchar = "陆" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "7":
tmpnewchar = "柒" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "8":
tmpnewchar = "捌" + tmpnewchar;
break;
case "9":
tmpnewchar = "玖" + tmpnewchar;
break;
}
if (i == 0) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "角";
if (i == 1) tmpnewchar = tmpnewchar + "分";
newchar = newchar + tmpnewchar;
}
}
//替换所有无用汉字
while (newchar.search("零零") != -1)
newchar = newchar.replace("零零", "零");
newchar = newchar.replace("零亿", "亿");
newchar = newchar.replace("亿万", "亿");
newchar = newchar.replace("零万", "万");
newchar = newchar.replace("零元", "元");
newchar = newchar.replace("零角", "");
newchar = newchar.replace("零分", "");
if (newchar.charAt(newchar.length - 1) == "元") {
newchar = newchar + "整"
}
return newchar;
}
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上次更新: 2024/01/30, 00:35:17